Community Nursing week 13

Chapter 23: Faith‐Oriented Communities and Health Ministries in Faith Communities Chapter Highlights ❖ Faith communities as centers for community health ❖ Cultural and developmental features of faith community work ❖ Integration of body, mind, and spirit in whole person health ❖ Health promotion in faith communities Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer · All Rights Reserved Parish Nursing ❖ A specialty practice of nursing having registered nurses contribute to the health and wholeness of people in the context of a faith community ❖ The parish nurse is part of the ministry staff of the congregation and serves the illness needs of individual people, families, and the entire faith community. Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer · All Rights Reserved Nursing in Faith Communities #1 ❖ Equivalent to parish nursing; used in settings in which the word “parish” may have no meaning or association. ❖ This broader term is the preferred term, but many original documents used “parish nursing” as the title for the role. Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer · All Rights Reserved Nursing in Faith Communities #2 ❖ Faith community nursing provides the following support: o Health promotion o Health screening o Health teaching o Care for individual people and groups associated with the congregation Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer · All Rights Reserved Question #1 Is the following sentence true or false? Parish nurses established the first hospitals. Community Nursing week 13

Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer · All Rights Reserved Answer to Question #1 False Rationale: In ancient times, families and religious communities served as a primary source of health and illness care. Religious groups and monasteries established the first hospitals. Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer · All Rights Reserved History of Faith Community Nursing ❖ Faith community nursing is a fairly recent concept; however, in ancient times, families and religious communities served as a primary source of health and illness care. ❖ Religious groups and monasteries established the first hospitals. ❖ Granger Westberg, a Lutheran minister and hospital chaplain, began “parish nursing” in the 1980s. Community Nursing week 13

Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer · All Rights Reserved Spiritual Care Care of the human spirit that may include dealing with the meaning of health, illness or loss, and relationships with God and others, and that has the goal of peace Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer · All Rights Reserved Question #2 Is the following statement true or false? Congregation‐based model is one in which the faith community nurse serves a health system with assignment to particular congregational settings. In this model, the parish or faith‐based nurse serves as liaison and helps plan and coordinate care, particularly at times of transition. Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer · All Rights Reserved Answer to Question #2 False Rationale: Institution‐based model is one in which the faith community nurse serves a health system with assignment to particular congregational settings. In this model, the parish or faith‐based nurse serves as liaison and helps plan and coordinate care, particularly at times of transition. Community Nursing week 13

Congregation‐based model is one in which a faith‐based nurse serves a particular faith community by virtue of a contract or job description; it supports the concept of faith‐based nurse who can be paid or serve as a volunteer. Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer · All Rights Reserved Models of Faith Community Practice ❖ Congregation‐based model—a faith‐based nurse serving a particular faith community by virtue of a contract or job description; supports the concept of faith‐based nurse who can be paid or serve as a volunteer ❖ Institution‐based model—the faith community nurse serving a health system with assignment to particular congregational settings; in this model, the parish or faith‐based nurse serves as liaison and helps plan and coordinate care, particularly at times of transition. Community Nursing week 13

Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer · All Rights Reserved The Uniqueness of Faith Communities ❖ Relationship with the clergy ❖ Faith community as community Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer · All Rights Reserved Roles of the Faith‐Based Nurse ❖ Integrator of faith and health ❖ Personal health counselor ❖ Health educator ❖ Health advocate ❖ Referral agent ❖ Coordinator of volunteers ❖ Accessing and developing support groups Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer · All Rights Reserved Scope and Standards of Practice ❖ Faith‐based nurses function by virtue of their license to practice nursing. ❖ Faith‐based nurses function more independently. Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer · Community Nursing week 13

All Rights Reserved The Nursing Process in Faith Community Nursing ❖ Assessment and diagnosis ❖ Interventions and outcomes Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer · All Rights Reserved Question #3 Is the following statement true or false? Ethical principles that guide nursing practice in general do not apply to nursing in faith communities. Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer · All Rights Reserved Answer to Question #3 False Rationale: All the ethical principles that guide nursing practice in general apply to nursing in faith communities. Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer · All Rights Reserved Ethical Considerations ❖ Values, cultural practices, and faith are a part of health. ❖ The body, mind, and spirit of community members are a primary focus of nursing in faith communities. Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer · All Rights Reserved Education for Faith‐Based Nursing ❖ Faith‐based nurses are often educated for the role in continuing education programs. ❖ The IPNRC has developed a curriculum that can be delivered in a continuing education format or through a more formal academic program for college credit. ❖ The curriculum for all participants is developed at the baccalaureate level, even though many faith community nurses have diplomas or associate degree preparation. Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer · All Rights Reserved Chapter 22: School Health Chapter Highlights ❖ Historical perspectives of school health ❖ Components and organization of school health programs ❖ School health scope of services ❖ Health assessment and screening of school‐aged children ❖ Development, implementation, and evaluation of preventive health programs ❖ Common health concerns in schools Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer · All Rights Reserved School Health Nursing Specialized practice of professional nursing that advances the well‐being, academic success, and lifelong achievement of students Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer · All Rights Reserved Question #1 Is the following statement true or false? Early Periodic Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment (EPSDT)—program mandated by a state law passed in 1969, which required that children and adolescents younger than 21 years of age have access to the periodic screenings in several states Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer · All Rights Reserved Answer to Question #1 False Rationale: Early Periodic Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment (EPSDT)—program mandated by a federal law passed in 1969, which required that children and adolescents younger than 21 years of age have access to the periodic screenings. Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer · All Rights Reserved Historical Perspectives Since the passage of PL 94‐142 in 1975, school nurses provide more complex care for several conditions. Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer · All Rights Reserved Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Wide‐ranging federal legislation enacted in 1990 that is intended to make American society more accessible to people with disabilities Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer · Community Nursing week 13

All Rights Reserved Early Periodic Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment (EPSDT) Program mandated by a federal law passed in 1969, which required that children and adolescents younger than 21 years of age have access to the periodic screenings Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer · All Rights Reserved Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) ❖ Federal law enacted in 1990 and reauthorized in 1997, designed to protect the rights of students with disabilities by ensuring that everyone receives a free, appropriate public education, regardless of ability. ❖ IDEA strives to grant equal access to students with disabilities and to provide additional special education services and procedural safeguards. Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer · All Rights Reserved Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance Survey (YRBSS) Data from the YRBSS, a biannual report of the common risk behaviors influencing the health of our nation’s youth, can be used by the school nurse as a tool for monitoring trends both locally and nationally. Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer · All Rights Reserved Role of the School Nurse ❖ Health assessment o Individual o Population based o Health promotion o School health needs ❖ Health educator ❖ Emergency preparedness Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer · All Rights Reserved Common Health Concerns ❖ Drugs and alcohol ❖ Smoking ❖ Sexual behavior and teenage pregnancy ❖ Sexually transmitted infections ❖ Nutrition ❖ Violence Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer · All Rights Reserved The School Nurse as a Child Advocate #1 ❖ Provide education and communication necessary to ensure that the student’s health and educational needs are met ❖ Implement strategies to reduce disruptions in the student’s school activities ❖ Communicate with families and healthcare providers as authorized Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer · Community Nursing week 13

All Rights Reserved The School Nurse as a Child Advocate #2 ❖ Ensure the student receives prescribed medications and treatments and that staff who interact with the student on a regular basis are knowledgeable about these needs ❖ Provide a safe and healthy school environment to promote learning Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer · All Rights Reserved The Future of School Health: WSCC Model ❖ Whole School, Whole Community, Whole Child (WSCC) Model ❖ The future of school nursing is providing a prevention framework that links the community and the school ❖ Collaborative design that uses the resources of a community to provide structured preventive services such as after‐school programs, parent outreach, and crisis intervention Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer · All Rights Reserved … Community Nursing week 13