The Decision-Making Process Decision Making.
The Decision-Making Process Decision Making.
Whereas Problem Solving involves the discovery of a correct response to a situation that is new and unique to an individual, decision making is the interpreting process that leads to the selection of a response from among a number of \”known\” alternative responses. Decision making, then involves the \”weighing\” of alternative responses to a situation in terms of their desirabilities, and the potential costs and payoffs (Career Development Service, 1976). Many decisions involve an element of risk, in that we seldom know if a given decision will lead to positive outcomes. The point is to make the best possible decisions of which we are capable – and to learn from our mistakes, as well.
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Decision theory brings together psychology, statistics, philosophy, and mathematics to analyze the decision-making process. Descriptive, prescriptive, and normative are three main areas of decision theory and each studies a different type of decision making. Decision making can be regarded as the cognitive process of selection from two or more alternative choices. There are four consumer decision making models which are the economic model, passive model, cognitive model, and emotional model (Four views, 2014).
The Decision-Making ProcessThe 7 Step Decision Making Model was developed by Rick Roberts of the University of North Florida career services. It was designed for those who wanted a decision-making model to help with choosing a career path or deciding what to do about a job offer. An important factor in the model is information gathering (Roberts, n.d.).
Areas of Decision Making
The 7 Steps
• Identify the decision to be made – exactly what are you trying to decide?
• Gather Information – (such as for careers or majors in college, what are the strengths, weaknesses, skills, values, and interests)
• Identify options – list the various choices so far.
• Weigh the evidence – about each alternative the pros, cons, and risks of each alternative
.• Choose among the alternatives – generally, this is the most difficult step.
• Take action – may be necessary to loop back and gather more information.
• Review your decision – and implement it!