Crisis Intervention in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.
Crisis Intervention in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.
Crisis intervention is an urgent and acute psychological intervention after acute trauma. It is essentially used to mitigate acute distress in traumatic victims, help them stabilize their emotions, and restore their self-adaptations. According to research studies, crisis intervention effectively prevents or reduces the onset of stress and trauma associated with posttraumatic stress disorder. However, if it is done improperly, crisis intervention can lead to increased or aggravated development of traumatic disorder related diseases (Flannery & Everly, 2000). Therefore, for PTSD, crisis intervention approaches such as PFA (Psychological First Aid), CISD (Critical Incident Stress Debriefing), and TF-CBT (cognitive behavioral therapy, especially trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy) is vital in addressing posttraumatic stress disorders.
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Developed in America under the NCTSN and the national center for PTSD, PFA is essential in reducing the initial stress from traumatic events by stabilizing or facilitating psychological and behavioral functions and providing the needed medical care. With eight core factors, PFA is widely used in healthcare facilities, humanitarian organizations, and emergency medical responses. CISD includes psychological debriefing. In this approach, people discuss their stressful experiences after a traumatic event; hence, it makes CISD an essential component in managing critical stress incidents (Morina et al. 2016). Therefore, it is the most widely used approach in PTSD because it restores the victims’ social functionality. TF-CBT is used in cases when PTSD worsens for longer than two days. TF-CBT is more effective when four to five sessions are administered during PTSD crisis intervention. Majorly, TF-CBT provides psychological education on trauma reactions, relaxation training, managing anxiety, and cognitive restructuring. Therefore, TF-CBT is effective in decreasing acute traumatic symptoms and reduces the harshness of the PTSD symptoms.
References
Flannery, R. B., & Everly, G. S. (2000). Crisis intervention: A review. International Journal of Emergency Mental Health, 2(2), 119-126.
Morina, N., Koerssen, R., & Pollet, T. V. (2016). Interventions for children and adolescents with posttraumatic stress disorder: A meta-analysis of comparative outcome studies. Clinical Psychology Review, 47, 41-54