HCS 216 Anatomy and Physiology Discussion

17 The Reproductive System 1694489 – Pearson Education Limited © Replacement and Repair For a city to run smoothly, it must have an infrastructure, buildings, roads, playgrounds, schools, and more. All these structures must be repaired on a regular basis, or if damaged beyond repair, they must be replaced. As a city grows along with its population, it needs the resources and means to expand. The same is true of your body. Cells and tissues are damaged or simply wear out. Damaged or worn-out cells and tissues must be repaired or replaced. Asexual reproduction, or mitosis, the process by which cells make exact copies of themselves, is absolutely necessary to maintain a healthy body. Mitosis was discussed in Chapter 4 . Ultimately, cellular reproduction is needed for the complicated process by which humans produce new humans: sexual reproduction. Without this ability, the human species would die out, and the journey would end for the human race. Thankfully, all the splendid diversity of the human race is passed on for generations to come, who will also get to enjoy this amazing journey called “life.”

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Learning Outcomes Upon completion of your journey through this chapter, you will be able to: 1694489 – Pearson Education Limited © Differentiate mitosis from meiosis and the role of each in the human life cycle. Locate and describe the functions of female reproductive organs. Describe female reproductive physiology, including the phases of the menstrual cycle, oogenesis, follicle development, and ovulation. Discuss the effects of hormonal control on the female reproductive system. Locate and describe the functions of the male reproductive organs. Explain male reproductive physiology, including spermatogenesis. Discuss the effects of hormonal control on the male reproductive system. Describe pregnancy and the stages of labor and delivery. Explain the common disorders of the female and male reproductive systems. Pronunciation Guide Correct pronunciation is important in any journey so that you and others are’