Health care economics and Financing Paper.
Health care economics and Financing Paper.
Health Care Economics and Financing
Numerous sources report that the United States spends more per capita on health care than other industrialized nations. In 2010, Medicare and Medicaid Services stated that medical-related expenditures exceeded 2.6 trillion dollars; however, indications are that these high expenditures are not improving health outcomes to the degree expected. What makes containing health care costs so difficult? What are the ethical issues of balancing cost with providing greater access to health care and improving quality?
This week, you will consider health care economics and how cost influences the decision-making process regarding coverage. You will also examine the trade-offs related to cost, quality, and access—three factors that drive the health care policy process.
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Learning Objectives
Students will:
- Analyze ethical and eco
- nomic challenges related to policy decisions concerning health care in the United States
- Assess the major reimbursement mechanisms for health care services in the United States
- Analyze trade-offs related to cost, quality, and access
Photo Credit: David M. Elmore/Moment/Getty Images
Learning Resources
Note: To access this week’s required library resources, please click on the link to the Course Readings List, found in the Course Materials section of your Syllabus.
Required Readings
Knickman, J. R., & Kovner, A. R. (Eds.). (2015). Health care delivery in the united states (11th ed.). New York, NY: Springer Publishing.
- Chapter 11, “Health Care Financing” (pp. 231–251)
This chapter attempts to unravel several of the complexities in America’s health care system, and it also provides an analysis of the health care/insurer/patient relationship and how hospitals are actually funded.
- Chapter 12, “Health Care Costs and Value” (pp. 253–270)
Rising costs of health care and potential approaches to constraining growth in health care expenditures are examined in this chapter.
- Chapter 10, “Health Workforce” (pp. 213–225)
This chapter looks at the nature of the supply and demand for health care professionals in the United States.
Milstead, J. A. (2019). Health policy and politics: A nurse’s guide (6th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.
- Chapter 10, “Overview: The Economics and Finance of Health Care” (pp. 170-190)
This chapter breaks down the basic elements of economics as they relate to health care, explaining how consumer choice combined with limitations on what hospitals can supply affects the type of care given.
Reinhardt, U. E. (2010, Jan 20). State of the nation (a special report): Voices—A good start. The Wall Street Journal, p. R5.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
This article describes how the U.S. health care reform bill seeks to obtain better value for the U.S. health care dollar by generating more research into cost-effective care.
Health care economics and Financing Paper.
Required Media
Laureate Education (Producer). (2012c). Healthcare economics and financing. Baltimore, MD: Author.
Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 16 minutes.
Accessible player
Optional Resources
The following resources may support the Assignment; however, they are not required readings.
Müller, D., Zimmering, M., Chan, C., McFarlane, P., Pierratos, A., & Querfeld, U. (2008). Intensified hemodialysis regimens: Neglected treatment options for children and adolescents. Pediatric Nephrology, 23(10), 1729–1736.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Neil, N., Walker, D. R., Sesso, R., Blackburn, J., Tschosik, E. A., Sciaraffia, V., & … Bhattacharyya, S. K. (2009). Gaining efficiencies: Resources and demand for dialysis around the globe. Value in Health, 12(1), 73–79.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases. Health care economics and Financing Paper.
Financing of Health Care
With coinciding concerns about health care costs and the imperative to improve quality of care, health care providers and others face difficult decisions in the effort to achieve an appropriate balance. Such decisions often are addressed in the policy arena. How do policymakers evaluate which health care services should be financed through government programs? How do ethics-related questions and other considerations play into this evaluation process? Is it possible to contain costs and provide accessible, high-quality care to all, or is the tension between cost and care inherent in the U.S. health care delivery system? These questions are central to health care financing decisions in the United States.
For this Discussion, you will focus on the policy decision-making process that determines what types of care are covered by public and private insurers and the ethical aspects of such financial decisions.
To prepare:
- Read the case study “Economic Impact of States Declining Medicaid Expansion” page 190 of the Milstead text.
- Review the information in the Washington Post article “Review of Prostate Cancer Drugs Provenge Renews Medical Cost-Benefit Debate” in the Learning Resources.
- Consider how policy decisions currently are made about what will and will not be paid for and what changes, if any, could improve the process.
- Reflect on how the Washington Post example illustrates the tension between cost and care.
Write your analysis and assessment of the ethical and economic challenges related to policy decisions such as those presented in the Washington Post article. How does this type of situation contribute to the tension between cost and care? Substantiate your response with at least two outside resources.
Health care economics and Financing Paper.
Reference:
Milstead, J. A. (2016). Health policy and politics: A nurse’s guide (5th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.