One-Compartment First-Order Absorption HW

1. Chloroform is a potentially toxic chemical that is a common environmental contaminant due to

its frequent use in industrial processes and subsequent discharge in industrial waste.

Chloroform is also produced in chlorinated drinking water and in chlorinated swimming pools,

so that chloroform exposure occurs often through ingestion and dermal exposure. The following

chloroform data was collected in 250 g rats following bolus iv, oral (po), and intraperitoneal

(ip) administration.

10 mg/kg bolus iv

500 mg/kg po or ip

Time (hr) Civ (mg/L) Time (hr) Cpo (mg/L) Cip (mg/L)

0.083 2.679 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.50 1.988 0.25 7.87 12.73

1.0 1.359 0.50 11.19 18.98

2.0 0.730 1.0 15.07 24.32

3.0 0.401 2.0 11.64 20.02

3.0 7.32 12.02

4.0 4.63 7.27

6.0 1.79 2.53

Using this data, determine:

(a) k, C0, V, and AUC* for the bolus iv data

(b) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the po data

(d) relative bioavailability for po vs ip, Fpo/Fip

(e) absolute po bioavailability, Fpo

(f) absolute ip bioavailability, Fip

*You may use the shortcut methods to calculate AUC if you desire.

Graduate Students (enrolled in PHCL 5760) should also answer (1g) and (1h):

(g) theoretical time for maximum level, tmax

(h) how does the theoretical tmax compare to the measured tmax?

2. Diethylene glycol (DEG) is used in many products, including glue, gelatin, tobacco, cheese,

gum drops, antifreeze, soaps, cosmetics, and ice cream. At high enough levels, DEG can cause

CNS depression, kidney damage, coma, and death. To evaluate DEG toxicokinetics, the

following measurements were made in 250 g rats following oral administration of 18.2 µCi of 14C-DEG:

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