Peripheral vascular disease (PAD).
Peripheral vascular disease (PAD).
Peripheral vascular disease (PAD) includes all blood vessel system vascular disorders found outside of the heart. The outcome is the reduction of blood flow to the lower extremities, brain, and heart. It also indicates a widespread accumulation of fatty deposits in the arteries. PAD remains overlooked and underdiagnosed, as most people with this condition do not have any signs and symptoms. However, current research indicates that PAD patients tend to experience many issues such as repeated hospitalizations due to ischemic rest pain and limb loss. Shu and Santulli (2018) state that failure to diagnose and treat PAD results in poor quality of life and higher rates of depression among these patients. The current research on peripheral vascular diseases targets to improve its management. Individuals diagnosed with PAD are treated and managed primarily to decrease cardiovascular-related sickness and improve their symptoms. PAD presents a high risk of contracting cardiovascular-related illnesses such as stroke, cardiac attack, and hypertension. Hence, the management and prevention targets to decrease associated cardiovascular risks.
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The healthcare workers must educate the patients on the risk factors associated with peripheral vascular disease to prevent its occurrence and progression to individuals already diagnosed. Some of the modifiable risks include tobacco use and cholesterol levels. Hence, the patient must be educated on the significance of smoking cessation and engaging in regular physical activity to improve their quality of life (Shu & Santulli, 2018). It is vital to conduct a physical exam on patients to identify any family history of cardiovascular-related diseases, diabetes mellitus, or hypertension. They form a significant risk of contracting peripheral vascular diseases.Question TwoStoke Management
The auscultation of heart sounds plays a significant role in assessing and diagnosing heart-related issues such as stroke. The S4 should be absent in an average adult; hence, whenever it is heard, this signifies myocardial ischemia, which is a primary characteristic of stroke. Stroke is associated with a lack of adequate perfusion and blood flow to the vital organs such as the heart and the brain. Hence, the fourth heart sound aids in prompt treatment of stroke, thus preventing its associated complications. The palpation of a thrill on the precordium indicates reduced blood flow to the heart as it indicates aortic stenosis (Jarvis, 2019). It thus signals possibilities of ischemia of the heart and brain; hence, detecting the cause of this ischemia aids in the secondary prevention of strokes.
Stroke is a primary cause of mortality and disability globally; hence, its detection and management should be treated as an emergency. The assessment and management of stroke have continued to receive significant improvements from scientific findings. The latest assessment of patients with stroke targets to evaluate airway breathing and circulation. The healthcare practitioner then quickly obtains a concise history and physical exam to initiate treatment. According to Blanc et al. (2017), the goal of treating stroke is to restore the blood flow to the damaged areas in the brain as fast as possible. Some of the latest approved treatment options for stroke include endovascular procedures that target removing the clot, impeding blood flow to vital organs. This is a necessary procedure that has helped decrease the high mortality rate among patients diagnosed with a stroke. The antiplatelet regimen has been an effective mode of secondary prevention among patients with an acute ischemic stroke. Hence, these patients combined with those at risk of occlusive vascular events are usually prescribed low-dose aspirin.
You must proofread your paper. But do not strictly rely on your computer’s spell-checker and grammar-checker; failure to do so indicates a lack of effort on your part and you can expect your grade to suffer accordingly. Papers with numerous misspelled words and grammatical mistakes will be penalized. Read over your paper – in silence and then aloud – before handing it in and make corrections as necessary. Often it is advantageous to have a friend proofread your paper for obvious errors. Handwritten corrections are preferable to uncorrected mistakes.
Use a standard 10 to 12 point (10 to 12 characters per inch) typeface. Smaller or compressed type and papers with small margins or single-spacing are hard to read. It is better to let your essay run over the recommended number of pages than to try to compress it into fewer pages.
Likewise, large type, large margins, large indentations, triple-spacing, increased leading (space between lines), increased kerning (space between letters), and any other such attempts at “padding” to increase the length of a paper are unacceptable, wasteful of trees, and will not fool your professor.
The paper must be neatly formatted, double-spaced with a one-inch margin on the top, bottom, and sides of each page. When submitting hard copy, be sure to use white paper and print out using dark ink. If it is hard to read your essay, it will also be hard to follow your argument.
ADDITIONAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CLASS
Discussion Questions (DQ)
Initial responses to the DQ should address all components of the questions asked, include a minimum of one scholarly source, and be at least 250 words.
Successful responses are substantive (i.e., add something new to the discussion, engage others in the discussion, well-developed idea) and include at least one scholarly source.
One or two sentence responses, simple statements of agreement or “good post,” and responses that are off-topic will not count as substantive. Substantive responses should be at least 150 words.
I encourage you to incorporate the readings from the week (as applicable) into your responses.
Weekly Participation
Your initial responses to the mandatory DQ do not count toward participation and are graded separately.
In addition to the DQ responses, you must post at least one reply to peers (or me) on three separate days, for a total of three replies.
Participation posts do not require a scholarly source/citation (unless you cite someone else’s work).
Part of your weekly participation includes viewing the weekly announcement and attesting to watching it in the comments. These announcements are made to ensure you understand everything that is due during the week.
APA Format and Writing Quality
Familiarize yourself with APA format and practice using it correctly. It is used for most writing assignments for your degree. Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for APA paper templates, citation examples, tips, etc. Points will be deducted for poor use of APA format or absence of APA format (if required).
Cite all sources of information! When in doubt, cite the source. Paraphrasing also requires a citation.
I highly recommend using the APA Publication Manual, 6th edition.
Use of Direct Quotes
I discourage overutilization of direct quotes in DQs and assignments at the Masters’ level and deduct points accordingly.
As Masters’ level students, it is important that you be able to critically analyze and interpret information from journal articles and other resources. Simply restating someone else’s words does not demonstrate an understanding of the content or critical analysis of the content.
It is best to paraphrase content and cite your source.
LopesWrite Policy
For assignments that need to be submitted to LopesWrite, please be sure you have received your report and Similarity Index (SI) percentage BEFORE you do a “final submit” to me.
Once you have received your report, please review it. This report will show you grammatical, punctuation, and spelling errors that can easily be fixed. Take the extra few minutes to review instead of getting counted off for these mistakes.
Review your similarities. Did you forget to cite something? Did you not paraphrase well enough? Is your paper made up of someone else’s thoughts more than your own?
Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for tips on improving your paper and SI score.
Late Policy
The university’s policy on late assignments is 10% penalty PER DAY LATE. This also applies to late DQ replies.
Please communicate with me if you anticipate having to submit an assignment late. I am happy to be flexible, with advance notice. We may be able to work out an extension based on extenuating circumstances.
If you do not communicate with me before submitting an assignment late, the GCU late policy will be in effect.
I do not accept assignments that are two or more weeks late unless we have worked out an extension.
As per policy, no assignments are accepted after the last day of class. Any assignment submitted after midnight on the last day of class will not be accepted for grading.
Communication
Communication is so very important. There are multiple ways to communicate with me:
Questions to Instructor Forum: This is a great place to ask course content or assignment questions. If you have a question, there is a good chance one of your peers does as well. This is a public forum for the class.
Individual Forum: This is a Peripheral vascular disease (PAD).private forum to ask me questions or send me messages. This will be checked at least once every 24 hours.
Peripheral vascular disease (PAD).
Peripheral vascular disease (PAD).