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Running head: TRAINING SESSION FOR POLICY IMPLEMENTATION Training Session for Policy Implementation Learner’s Name Capella University Health Care Law and Policy Training Session for Policy Implementation May, 2019 Copyright ©2019 Capella University. Copy and distribution of this document are prohibited. 1 TRAINING SESSION FOR POLICY IMPLEMENTATION 2 Training Session for Policy Implementation Sound policy and practice guidelines for the management of medication errors are critical for a premier medical center such as Mercy Medical Center. For the successful implementation of the policy on managing medication errors, members of the nursing staff at the medical center who will be responsible for enacting the policy must thoroughly understand the strategies prescribed by the policy. A training program designed for staff members will ensure effective dissemination of the knowledge and skills required to implement the policy guidelines. The training program outlined in this paper will be conducted for a pilot group of 20 members of the nursing staff from the pediatric division of the medical center. Policy on Management of Medication Errors Policy Guidelines and Strategies The policy on the management of medication errors states the procedure that must be followed in case of a medication error. The scope of the policy extends to the nursing, emergency care, and medical staff employed at Mercy Medical Center (Black County Partnership, 2015).Training Session for Policy Implementation in Health Discussion
The policy requires that the medical center form a multidisciplinary committee. This committee will assess potential discrepancies and address shortfalls in medication processes (Weant, Bailey, & Baker, 2014). The strategies to be implemented at the medical center include installing automated dispensing cabinets and setting up a standardized medication error analysis system. To set up a standardized medication error analysis system, the multidisciplinary committee should classify, prioritize, and regularize the process of reporting medication errors. Understanding the causes of medication errors through medication error analysis becomes simpler with the availability of accurate data. Copyright ©2019 Capella University. Copy and distribution of this document are prohibited. TRAINING SESSION FOR POLICY IMPLEMENTATION 3 Automated dispensing cabinets are computerized systems for medicine management and are installed in health care units. These cabinets are used to manage errors that occur when dispensing medication. The cabinets store and dispense medication and electronically track drug inventory (Weant et al., 2014). Significance of the Policy Medication errors are indicative of poor-quality health care services in a medical center. The proposed policy can prevent medication errors, ensure patient safety, help the medical center avoid litigation for medical negligence, prevent harm to the medical center’s reputation, and reduce unnecessary expenses (Black County Partnership, 2015). This will increase the efficiency of the nursing staff, thereby decreasing the effort and time spent on medication procedures. Less time spent and more efficiency would increase the job satisfaction of the members of the nursing staff. Early Indicators of Success Three types of indicators can project the success of the policy at an early stage: structural indicators, process indicators, and outcome indicators. Structural indicators emphasize the quality of organizational aspects, for example, the availability and effective functioning of equipment such as automated dispensing cabinets. Process indicators focus on the process of care delivery. Efficiency in prescription management and in diagnosis management are two process indicators that measure the effectiveness of the policy. Outcome indicators are result oriented. Reduction in readmission rates, reduction in postsurgical wound infection rates, and patient experience are a few outcome indicators that can measure the success of the policy (Grol, Wensing, Eccles, & Davis, 2013).
Concerns Over the Policy Copyright ©2019 Capella University. Copy and distribution of this document are prohibited. TRAINING SESSION FOR POLICY IMPLEMENTATION 4 The pilot group selected will be trained on the two strategies: installation and use of automated dispensing cabinets and standardized medication error analysis. Staff members could be apprehensive about reporting errors considering the degree of fatality of the error and the disciplinary action as a consequence of underreporting (Chu, 2016). Such apprehension may cause the nursing staff to object to the establishment of a standardized system for medication error analysis. Implementation of the second strategy, installation of automated dispensing cabinets, would be beneficial for medication management and prevention of errors; however, automated dispensing cabinets can potentially cause errors in the retrieval of medication in case of mismanagement of medical inventory (Weant et al., 2014). Training Session for Policy Implementation in Health DiscussionThis could be a potential concern for the nursing staff. Nursing Staff and Management of Medication Errors Role of Nursing Staff in Policy Implementation Nursing staff plays an important role in the implementation of a medication error management policy because of their proximity to patients and medication processes. A nurse is the last person involved in the administering of drugs. A nurse is responsible for physically administering the right drug to a patient and can therefore easily identify and correct any error in the medication process (Ofusu & Jarrett, 2015). In order to ensure that the policy on managing medication errors is implemented efficiently, the nursing staff must focus on maintaining accuracy and regularity in reporting medication errors. The nursing staff can prevent errors in drug administration by practicing the five rights: right dose, right patient, right time, right drug, and right route. The nursing staff can ensure that there are no medication errors while administering medication. Some ways the nursing staff can contribute positively toward policy implementation include calculating the amount of drugs accurately, reducing distractions while Copyright ©2019 Capella University. Copy and distribution of this document are prohibited. TRAINING SESSION FOR POLICY IMPLEMENTATION 5 administering medication, informing patients about the effects of a drug, and continuous revision of pharmacological knowledge (Chu, 2016).Training Session for Policy Implementation in Health Discussion
Importance of Training Nursing Staff on the Policy Nursing staff is involved in medication processes such as prescription and administration of medication. During drug administration, a nurse is the last person who may be able to rectify errors. While patient safety is a priority for nursing staff, they cause most medication errors because of constant distractions and interruptions in their work routine (Ofusu & Jarrett, 2015).Training Session for Policy Implementation in Health Discussion
It is important to train the nursing staff on the guidelines of the policy as inexperienced and untrained staff may not be able to anticipate or identify a medication error. The policy on managing medication errors requires that automated dispensing cabinets be set up and medication error analysis be performed. For the successful implementation of automated dispensing cabinets, it is crucial that the nursing staff be trained on the safe use of these devices. While automated dispensing cabinets are introduced to reduce errors, their incorrect usage can create problems in dispensing medication (Hamilton-Griffin, 2016). To implement the second strategy, namely medication error analysis, nursing staff must be trained on new procedures that will enable them to accurately and regularly report medication errors. Reinforcing the importance of reporting during training will encourage nurses to adopt the medication error reporting procedures, ensuring the availability of adequate data to perform a medication error analysis. Training Process A 2-hour workshop will be conducted to train the nursing staff on the use of automated dispensing cabinets and medication error analysis. A day before the training, a questionnaire will be circulated to the pilot group to assess their understanding of the two strategies. This workshop Copyright ©2019 Capella University. Copy and distribution of this document are prohibited. TRAINING SESSION FOR POLICY IMPLEMENTATION 6 will be divided into two sessions of an hour each. The first session will be conducted by local opinion leaders, who are individuals recognized as clinical experts in a specific field of medication. The opinion leaders will discuss the technical know-how required to operate automated dispensing cabinets and the steps that must be followed for medication error analysis. This session by local opinion leaders would have an influential impact on the nursing staff because of the presence of a familiar figure whose credentials are known. The second session will involve simulation-based training. Here, the staff will participate in situations in which they have to operate automated dispensing cabinets and perform a mock medication error analysis. This session will give the staff real-world experience and provide insights into potential complexities they may encounter while using the automated dispensing cabinets or conducting a medication error analysis (Grol et al., 2013).Training Session for Policy Implementation in Health Discussion
Training Material for Skill Development Each participant will be given a handout containing the policy guidelines, a document listing the steps to follow while conducting a medication error analysis, and a user manual for the use of automated dispensing cabinets. In addition, a printed version of the content covered by the opinion leader will also be provided to the staff for future reference. In order to ensure continuous learning, the nursing staff will be given access to a virtual classroom using a log-in ID and password to access lectures and self-learning exercises (Grol et al., 2013). The handouts and the virtual learning material will be designed to help the staff members develop skills such as critical thinking and attention to detail and the confidence required to implement the strategies of the policy. Interpreting the Policy for Nursing Staff Copyright ©2019 Capella University. Copy and distribution of this document are prohibited. TRAINING SESSION FOR POLICY IMPLEMENTATION 7 One of the complexities of implementing the strategies of the policy is deciding to report an event as a medication error.Training Session for Policy Implementation in Health Discussion
The lack of standard definitions for medication errors leads to unidentified errors because there is uncertainty around whether an error needs to be reported. The implementation of a standardized system for medication error analysis would require that medication errors be clearly defined. This would help nurses identify medication errors accurately and report them (Chu, 2016). The number of medication errors in Mercy Medical Centre’s medical and surgical units increased by 50% from 2015 to 2016.
Most medication errors occur during medication administration by nursing staff (Ofusu & Jarrett, 2015). The training program on policy implementation, therefore, intends to familiarize the nursing staff with complex sections of the policy such as the repercussions of negligence and the protocol to be followed while addressing medication errors. The nursing staff will also be clearly informed of the chain of command for the purpose of reporting errors. Conclusion The policy on the management of medication errors was proposed by the leadership of Mercy Medical Center to reduce and prevent the occurrence of medication errors. For the successful implementation of the policy, it is essential to design a training program for the hospital staff on the various strategies of the policy. The program will help staff members understand the importance of managing medication errors, thereby improving patient safety, the medical center’s reputation, and the staff’s job satisfaction. Copyright ©2019 Capella University. Copy and distribution of this document are prohibited. TRAINING SESSION FOR POLICY IMPLEMENTATION 8Training Session for Policy Implementation in Health Discussion
References Black County Partnership, NHS Foundation Trust. (2015). Medication error policy. Retrieved from https://www.bcpft.nhs.uk/documents/policies/m/973-medication-errors/file Chu, R. Z. (2016). Simple steps to reduce medication errors. Nursing 2016, 46(8), 63–65. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.nurse.0000484977.05034.9c Grol, R., Wensing, M., Eccles, M., & Davis, D. (2013). Improving patient care: The implementation of change in health care. Retrieved from https://ebookcentral-proquestcom.library.capella.edu/lib/capella/reader.action?docID=1153537 Hamilton-Griffin, K. (2016). Developing improvement strategies on the use of automated dispensing cabinets to reduce medication errors in a hospital setting (Doctoral dissertation).Training Session for Policy Implementation in Health Discussion
Retrieved from ProQuest. (Order No. 10127834) Ofusu, R., & Jarrett, P. (2015). Reducing nurse medicine administration errors. Nursing Times, 111(20), 12–14. Retrieved from https://www.nursingtimes.net/Journals/2015/05/10/t/l/q/130515_Reducing-nursemedicine-administration-errors.pdf Weant, K. A., Bailey, A. M., & Baker, S. N. (2014). Strategies for reducing medication errors in the emergency department. Open Access Emergency Medicine, 6, 45–55. https://doi.org/10.2147/OAEM.S64174 Copyright ©2019 Capella University. Copy and distribution of this document are prohibited. Training Session for Policy Implementation Scoring Guide CRITERIA NON-PERFORMANCE BASIC PROFICIENT DISTINGUISHED Summarize evidence-based strategies for working with a selected role group to promote their buy-in and prepare them to implement a new policy and apply associated practice guidelines to their work. Does not suggest approaches for working with a specific group to ensure buy-in and preparedness to implement a policy and apply practice guidelines. Suggests poorly-developed approaches for working with a specific group, which will not clearly ensure buyin and preparedness, or strategies are not supported by evidence. Summarizes evidence-based strategies for working with a selected role group to promote their buy-in and prepare them to implement a new policy and apply associated practice guidelines to their work. Succinctly summarizes evidence-based strategies for working with a selected role group to promote their buy-in and prepare them to implement a new policy and apply associated practice guidelines to their work. Argues effectively for the efficacy of these strategies and suggests insightful measures indicative of early success. Explain the impact of a new policy and practice guidelines. Does not describe a new policy and practice guidelines. Describes a new policy and Explains the impact of a new practice guidelines. policy and practice guidelines. Explains the impact of a new policy and practice guidelines. Offers clear insight into their implementation and effects on the role group’s daily work routines and responsibilities. Interprets complex policy considerations or practice guidelines with respect and clarity. Justify the importance of a new policy and practice guidelines with regard to improving the quality of care or outcomes related to a selected role group’s work. Does not justify the importance of a new policy and practice guidelines with regard to improving the quality of care or outcomes related to a selected role group’s work. Presents unconvincing justification for the importance of a new policy and practice guidelines with regard to improving the quality of care or outcomes related to a selected role group’s work. Justifies the importance of a new policy and practice guidelines with regard to improving the quality of care or outcomes related to a selected role group’s work. Justifies the importance of a new policy and practice guidelines with regard to improving the quality of care or outcomes related to a selected role group’s work. Presents a compelling and persuasive argument that will appeal to the group.
Explain a selected role group’s importance in implementing a new policy and practice guidelines. Does not describe the selected group’s role in implementing a new policy and practice guidelines. Describes the selected group’s role in implementing a new policy and practice guidelines. Explains a selected role group’s importance in implementing a new policy and practice guidelines. Provides a clear, concise, explanation of a selected role group’s importance in implementing a new policy and practice guidelines. Suggests an empowering, future vision highlighting the positive contributions of the group. Determine appropriate and effective instructional content, learning activities, and materials for a training session. Does not describe instructional content, learning activities, and materials for a training session. Describes instructional content, activities, and materials for a training session. Determines appropriate and effective instructional content, learning activities, and materials for a training session. Determines appropriate and effective instructional content, learning activities, and materials for a training session. Provides convincing justification for the effectiveness of each proposed activity in supporting learning and skill development, exhibiting insight into the group’s work and the particular demands of implementing a new policy and practice guidelines. Organize content so ideas flow logically with smooth transitions. Does not organize Organizes content with content for ideas to flow some logical flow and logically with smooth smooth transitions. transitions. Organizes content so ideas flow logically with smooth transitions. Organizes content so clarity is enhanced and all ideas flow logically with smooth transitions. CRITERIA NON-PERFORMANCE BASIC PROFICIENT DISTINGUISHED Support main points, assertions, arguments, conclusions, or recommendations with relevant and credible evidence. Does not support main points, assertions, arguments, conclusions, or recommendations with relevant and credible evidence. Sources lack relevance or credibility, or the evidence is not persuasive or explicitly supportive of main points, assertions, arguments, conclusions, or recommendations. Supports main points, assertions, arguments, conclusions, or recommendations with relevant and credible evidence. Supports main points, assertions, arguments, conclusions, or recommendations with relevant, credible, and convincing evidence. Skillfully combines virtually error-free source citations with a perceptive and coherent synthesis of the evidence. …Training Session for Policy Implementation in Health Discussion