Unit 4 Essay Introduction to Philosophy

According to Einstein, _________ will be perceived the same whether the observer is
moving or not.

Space-time continuum
String theory
The speed of light
Theory of Relativity
Einstein’s theory about the ______implies that reality has four dimensions, not three.
Space-time continuum
String theory
The speed of light
Theory of Relativity
_______________is based on the claim that the ultimate building blocks of reality
aren’t subatomic particles, but even smaller vibrating one-dimensional strings of

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energy.

Space-time continuum
String theory
The speed of light
Theory of Relativity
The world of subatomic particles spawned a separate branch of physics called quan-
tum mechanics.

True
False
Imagine two twins. One gets onto a space ship and travels close to the speed of
light for what the ship’s clocks record as a few months. The other twin remains on

earth. When the space ship returns, there will be no difference in their ages.

True
False
Imagine that you are standing still, while a friend of yours is on a train heading north.
You see two lightning bolts strike the ground at the same instant – one to the north

and the other to the south. Einstein would say that your friend on the train experi-

ences things differently, seeing the northern bolt strike before the southern bolt.

True
False
Unit 4 Examination

176

Introduction to Philosophy

Unlike Newton, Einstein believes that space is constant and absolute and cannot
“bend.”

True
False
One of the philosophical implications of Newton’s view of the universe is that human
actions are totally free.

True
False
In ______________ “conventional” morality, including stages three and four, we un-
derstand right and wrong in terms of laws and the expectations of others.

Kohlberg’s
Belenky’s
Gilligan’s
Perry
If we are at Perry’s second stage, “ unacceptable multiplicity,” and we hear two op-
posite accounts of the causes of the Reformation, we would probably think that one,

but only one, of the two accounts is true.

True
False
In Belenky’s first stage, “____________,” knowledge is what some external authority
says it is.

Constructed knowledge
Received knowledge
Subjective knowledge
Procedural knowledge
In Belenky’s final stage, “_______________,” believing is more important than doubt-
ing.

Constructed knowledge
Received knowledge
Subjective knowledge
Procedural knowledge
Unit 4 Examination

177

Introduction to Philosophy

If we combine the two perspectives represented by Kohlberg and Gilligan, the prob-
lem of the moral justification of an action becomes more difficult and involved.

True
False
Sex refers to societal roles, whereas gender refers to biology.
True
False
In Perry’s final stage, “relativism,” we generally believe that truth is a function of
cultural norms.

True
False
According to Gilligan, in the view of most women, “the moral person is one who can
understand and act in accordance with philosophical principles such as Kant’s ‘cat-

egorical imperative’”

True
False
“Human” and “person” are different, but related, ideas. “Human” is a biological
concept, while “person” is a _____________ concept.

Theological
Philosophical
Scientific
Emotional
Humans’ curiosity about dolphins can be traced back at least to ancient__________.
Rome
China